Giving a thing, an animal, or an abstract idea actions, feelings, or speech proper to a person.
In Macbeth
Methought I heard a voice cry 'Sleep no more! / Macbeth does murder sleep,' the innocent sleep, / Sleep that knits up the raveled sleave of care, / The death of each day's life, sore labor's bath, / Balm of hurt minds, great nature's second course, / Chief nourisher in life's feast [...] 'Glamis hath murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor / Shall sleep no more. Macbeth shall sleep no more.'
Sleep is treated as an innocent victim that Macbeth killed: he is the "murderer of Sleep." Giving sleep the life and fragility of a person makes insomnia sound like punishment for the crime.
Act II: The Murder of Duncan, Macbeth
'Gainst nature still! / Thriftless ambition, that will ravin up / Thine own life's means!
Act II: The Murder of Duncan, Ross
Macbeth shall never vanquished be until / Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill / Shall come against him.
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