Paradox

A statement that seems to contradict itself or common sense but that, on reflection, reveals a truth.

In The Death of Ivan Ilyich

The syllogism example he had studied in Kiesewetter's logic, Caius is a man, men are mortal, therefore Caius is mortal, had seemed to him all his life correct only in relation to Caius, but in no way in relation to him.

The conclusion is "correct in relation to Caius" and "in no way in relation to him." The reasoning holds for everyone and yet does not hold for him, and this contradiction is what the sentence says about death itself.

Chapters IV to VII: The Illness and the Lie, the narrator

What keeps him from getting through is the recognition that his life had been good.

Chapters VIII to XII: Death, the narrator

There was no fear at all, because there was no death either. In place of death there was light.

Chapters VIII to XII: Death, the narrator