Placing opposing ideas or words side by side, so that one lights up the other through contrast.
In the Odyssey
sovereign goddess, do not be angry with me for this: I myself know very well that wise Penelope is inferior to you in appearance and stature, to anyone who looks at her face to face; for she is mortal, and you are immortal and without old age. But even so, I want and desire every day to return home and see the day of my homecoming.
"She is mortal, and you are immortal and without old age" sets the two women face to face by what each has and lacks. The contrast makes Odysseus's refusal stronger, because he admits Calypso's advantage and chooses the other anyway.
Book V: Calypso and the raft, Odysseus
alas, what land of mortals have I reached again? Will they be proud, savage, and without justice, or hospitable, with minds that fear the gods?
rugged, but a good nurse of young men; for my part I cannot see any other land sweeter than this one.
Book IX: The Cyclops, Odysseus
do not speak to me of death as a consolation, illustrious Odysseus. I would rather, being a laborer, serve another man, a landless man of small means, than reign over all the dead who have perished.
Book XI: The descent to the dead, Achilles
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