Brief reference, without explanation, to a person, a text, a myth or a fact known outside the work, which carries with it the meaning of that other story.
In The Red and the Black
he looked sadly at the stream where the book had fallen; of all of them it was the one he prized most, the Memorial of Saint Helena.
The title "Memorial of Saint Helena" is cited without explanation, and the name alone brings the figure of Napoleon and the account of his exile, which shows why Julien prized so much the book that fell into the stream.
Book I, Chapter 4: A father and a son, the narrator
The collection of Grande Armée bulletins and the Memorial of Saint Helena completed his Koran. He would let himself be killed for these three works. He had never believed in any other.
Book I, Chapter 5: A negotiation, the narrator
Oh, I would cowardly waste seven or eight years! I would reach twenty-eight, but at that age Bonaparte had already accomplished his greatest feats!
Book I, Chapter 12: A journey, Julien Sorel (in thought)
In the old days, that's how it was! A mason became an officer, became a general; you saw it happen.
Book I, Chapter 29: The first promotion, a mason
What will your claims be, if one day you hold all power over me? Well then! I will speak as Medea: amid so many dangers, what remains to me is ME.
Book II, Chapter 14: A young lady's thoughts, Mathilde de La Mole (in thought)
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