Antithesis

Placing opposing ideas or words side by side, so that one illuminates the other through contrast.

In Crime and Punishment

Kill her and take her money, so that with it you can afterward devote yourself to the service of all humanity and the common cause: [...] One death and a hundred lives in exchange, why, that's arithmetic!

“One death” is set against a hundred saved lives. The numerical contrast gives the sentence the look of an advantageous exchange and hides the weight of what is paid.

Part One: The Crime, a student in the tavern

People are divided somehow into ordinary and extraordinary. The ordinary must live in obedience and have no right to transgress the law, because, you see, they are ordinary. The extraordinary have the right to commit all sorts of crimes and to transgress the law in every way, precisely because they are extraordinary

Part Three: The Theory, Porfiry

The living soul will ask for life, the living soul will not submit to mechanics, the living soul is distrustful, the living soul is reactionary!

Part Three: The Theory, Razumikhin

It was not a person I killed, it was a principle! The principle, that I killed, but crossing over I did not cross, I stayed on this side... All I managed was to kill.

Part Three: The Theory, Raskolnikov

It was not before you that I bowed down, it was before all human suffering that I bowed down

Part Four: The Siege, Raskolnikov

I had to know then, and know quickly: am I a louse, like everyone, or a man? Shall I manage to cross over or not? Do I dare stoop and pick it up or not? Am I a trembling creature, or do I have the right…

Part Five: The Confession, Raskolnikov

He knelt in the middle of the square, bowed to the ground, and kissed that filthy earth, with delight and happiness

Part Six: The Surrender, the narrator